Sometimes you may want to standardize the data before saving it to the database. For example, downcasing emails, removing any leading and trailing whitespaces, and so on. Rails 7.1 adds ActiveRecord::Base::normalizes API, which allows you to normalize attribute values to a common format before saving them to the database. This can help improve the integrity and consistency of your data and make it simpler to query records based on attribute values. Before Rails 7.1 Normalizing it in before_validation or before_save callback class User < ActiveRecord::Base before_validation do self.name = name.downcase.titleize

Rails 7.1 adds the raise_on_assign_to_attr_readonly config to config.active_record that is used to raise ActiveRecord::ReadonlyAttributeError error on assignment to attr_readonly attributes. The previous behavior would allow assignment but silently not persist changes to the database. Configuring config.active_record.raise_on_assign_to_attr_readonly In a newly created Rails 7.1 application, config.load_defaults 7.1 is set by default in application.rb. The default value of raise_on_assign_to_attr_readonly for config.load_defaults 7.1 is true and for config.load_defaults < 7.1

The query_constraints config introduced in Rails 7.1 is helpful for pre-setting the DB query constraints on the ActiveRecord models.

Rails 7.1 supports infinite ranges that can be used with Active Record length and inclusivity validators.

Rails provides the has_secure_password method, which makes it gloriously easy to implement authentication in our application. But we often need an extra layer of verification before allowing users to update certain fields. For e.g. Users must provide their “old” password when updating their email/password fields. Before Rails 7.1To implement this, we must manually add and validate the current_password accessor: # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_secure_password attr_accessor :current_password end# app/controllers/passwords_controller.rb class PasswordsController < ApplicationController def update password_challenge = password_params.delete(:current_password)

Rails 7.1 adds the ability to define the number of locals a template can accept. To achieve this, add a locals magic comment inside the partial.

An ActiveRecord query by default uses the SELECT * operator to select all the fields from the result set. The ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#select method allows you to select a subset of fields from the result set. Before Rails 7.1 ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#select and ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#reselect only accept strings, symbols, or raw SQL to define columns and aliases to select. When querying a single model, we can provide column names as an array of strings or symbols, or we can provide raw SQL. > Model.select(:field, :other_field) > # OR > Model.select('field', 'other_field') > # OR >

Rails 7.1 adds the --parent option using which we can create a job that inherits from the superclass. Let's learn how to use it.

In Rails, Active Record provides batch processing for ActiveRecord::Relation with the in_batches method. In Rails 7.1 the implementation of in_batches has improved to give optimized results for whole table iterations. In this article, we will see how it has improved. Example User.in_batches(of: 3) do |relation| puts relation.to_sql end Before Rails 7.1 Loading development environment (Rails 7.0.4) 3.0.0 :001 > User.in_batches(of: 3) do |relation| 3.0.0 :002 > puts relation.to_sql 3.0.0 :003 > end User Pluck (0.4ms) SELECT